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Chapter 12

Main Idea -
Mongols established established many Eurasian empires due to conquest.
1200 - 1500
Pastorals Societies -  Smaller size than agricultural, less patriarchy
Xiongnu Confederacy- Was an early nomadic empire that mastered the bow and horse riding.
United under the rule of a single leader in the third century BCE. Because the Xiongnu Confederacy was so big and powerful the Han Dynasty viewed it as its own independent state. This is also where the Mongols originated.
Arabs -  Domesticated the camel using it for military conquest prepossess and for subsistence. Turks moved out of central Asia and came across other empires such as Byzantium, China, and Persia. Turkish culture had much influence on the civilizations by converting from Turks to Islam, This helped the spread of religion from Eurasia to Eastern borders of Europe and eventually creating the Ottoman Empire.
Masai of East Africa - Nomads who relied primary on cattle, in Eastern Africa.


Mongols -

  • Had a huge impact on China, Europe and Islamic Empires.
  • Genghis Khan brought together the mongols and created the largest land empire in the worlds history.
  • When he came in control of the Mongols he focused on expanding
  • Throughout the 50 years they had several battles one getting creating a recognition for them as an empire
  • There success came from the military, they were ruthless and most of their enemies were terrified of them because of how gory they could be.  
  • They were open to enemies who accepted to be conquered without fighting against them.
  • They also encouraged trade, and merchant policies
  • They were very effective in creating an empire
  • Once they conquered they would not enforce their enemies to convert into their religion they mainly had a liberal empire.
  • They did not have a set government they mainly adapted to others

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