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Chapter 15


  • 1500 christianity was largely limited to Europe 
  • 1750 christianity grew 
  • split with roman catholic 
  • Luther was a german priest who intent to strengthen and bring together roman Catholicism
  • 95 theses (1517) criticism of the catholic &its corruption + theological message that through work, acts, or rituals is not the path to salvation 
  • revolutionary impact- split from Catholicism (Protestant) 
  • Women engaged in this movement by becoming literate so that they can read the bible themselves --> still were allowed little participation in the church   
  • The power of the written word - Protestants believed that all commoners should be able to read the scripts themselves 
  • printing press allowed the bible to be printed in the vernacular language & affordable
  • Printing press also allowed different beliefs to spread faster and efficiently adding to the separation of churches in the protestant movement 
  • 1520's - peasants revolts broke out in German lands 
  • Catholic violence tore France apart from 1562- 1598 
  • The 30 years war put the catholic church against protestant kings and princes throughout Europe who wanted independence from Rome & the Emperor
  • 1545, council of trent was called to shape up its authority over doctrine rituals
  • New religious orders such as Jesuits who were committed to expansion of catholic faith 
  • Catholicism was spread by missionaries in the new world in Philippines, Protestantism spread by pilgrims in new England & Dutch bowers in South Africa 
  • Conversion of Native Americans in the new world = catholics greatest success over seas
  • Falling of the Aztec & Inca empire led many indigenous people to believe that the God of the christians must be stronger than their traditional God
  • Catholics always enforced their beliefs on the conquered people 
  • Christianity was different 
  1.    Indigenous women who had served as priestess found themselves out of spiritual roles 
  2. worship traditional practices were prohibited and punished 
  • Peru (1560's) Takionko :  included traveling teachers and performers when promised that the Indian Gods would curse the Spanish with illnesses and bring back old religions 
  • Christianity did not conquer Asia in general because Ming & Ching dynasty were never threatened by the military to take over 
  • China had already established traditions - # teachings of Confucianism, taoism, &buddhism 
  • Christianity did not offer anything new in religion 
  • Early 1700's the Pope wanted to enforce his beliefs over the Chinese Catholics & end other practices 
  • Emperor Kangxi got mad & removed the Jesuits from the court & expelled most of the Christian missionaries 
  • Islamic world - scholars & merchants 
  • Muslims wanted to go back to pure Islam 
  • South East Asia merged into a non pure Islam influence   

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